The J.H. Baxter & Co. facility began operation in 1942. The facility treated various wood products such as railroad ties, electrical service poles, and crossarms with water and oil-based chemicals. As the city of Eugene grew around the facility, environmental concerns from their processes also grew.
Community members have historically been concerned about emissions from the J.H. Baxter facility. Most of the community's complaints have been associated with the odors coming from the facility. These odors are largely from creosote and pentachlorophenol, which are used in the facility's wood treatment process.
Beyond the disagreeable chemical smell of the facility, the community has reported difficulty breathing, burning or irritated eyes, headaches, and dizziness. Residents have also expressed concern about cancer and asthma rates in their neighborhoods.
JH Baxter stopped operating in January 2022.
Another great source of background information about the J.H. Baxter project is
this storymap.
EHAP's current activities at J.H. Baxter
In Fall 2020, the Environmental Health Assessment Program (EHAP) joined a technical workgroup with the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), Lane Regional Air Protection Agency (LRAPA), and the City of Eugene to collaboratively investigate contamination from the facility and to evaluate potential health risks to the nearby community.
The Environmental Health Assessment Program (EHAP) released a first draft of the JH Baxter Health Consultation (HC) and summary fact sheets in Spring 2023. The draft HC was available for public comment from March 2, 2023 - July 31st, 2023. Comments received during that period are available online HERE. EHAP published the Final JH Baxter Health Consultation report in August 2024.
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) and US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) collected surface soil samples from residential yards and other background location in September 2021 and May 2022. Both rounds of sampling showed levels of dioxin in soil above health-based screening concentrations in seven residential yards. To address community concerns about the health risks of exposure to dioxins, Oregon Health Authority (OHA) evaluated soil data recommendations in this health consultation report.
Findings of the Health Consultation:
- Soil with dioxin concentrations over 40 parts per trillion (ppt) could harm the health of children under 6 years of age who come in contact with bare soil regularly for a year or longer.
- Eating eggs regularly from backyard chicken that live in yard at residences near Baxter that have dioxin levels above 4.7 ppt could be harmful to health. This health risk is for people of all ages and backgrounds.
- There is no risk of health effects from acute exposures (exposures less than 1 year).
- The increased cancer risk from long-term, or chronic, exposure from JH Baxter is low.
Summary Factsheet: English | Spanish
Backyard Chicken Flier: English | Spanish
Final JH Baxter Health Consultation Report
Draft JH Baxter Health Consultation Report (Public Comment Version)
JH Baxter Health Consultation Public Comments
Community Engagement
In December 2020, EHAP joined fellow government agencies and community stakeholders to form the J.H. Baxter Core Team. The Core Team is comprised of representatives from the following groups:
- Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ)
- Lane Regional Air Protection Agency (LRAPA)
- Oregon Health Authority (OHA)
- City of Eugene
- Lane County Health Department
- Oregon State University
- Beyond Toxics
- Active Bethel Community
- Bethel community members
The purpose of the Core Team is for community members and agency representatives to share information and ideas about how to resolve air, land, and water concerns around the Baxter facility. Together, the Core Team shares information about lived experiences, regulatory processes, and risk assessment data. These conversations are intended to collectively solve problems and to improve communications with each other and the broader community.
Since it's inception, the Core Team has met regularly to discuss health risks, environmental and public health assessment processes, and how community members can be engaged in these processes.
Cancer Investigation
EHAP consulted with the Oregon State Cancer Registry (OSCaR) to investigate cancer cases in the community surrounding J.H. Baxter. EHAP conducted a similar study in 2006 and published a follow-up report in 2008 that contained additional data from the state cancer registry.
Community members from the Core Team requested this new cancer analysis and helped inform its design. This new investigation broadened the types of cancers included in previous analyses from 2006 and 2008 to include 22 different cancer types.
The results of OHA's newest cancer analysis are available in
this infographic (link). The analysis told us that:
- Twenty out of the twenty-two cancer types analyzed in these neighborhoods had the same or lower rates than in the state and county overall.
- Two cancer types, lung cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma, had rates slightly higher in these neighborhoods than in the state or county overall.
OHA's cancer analysis did not tell us why rates of those two cancer types are slightly higher in these neighborhoods.