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Oregon Historical Mining Information

Baker County Historical Mining Claim Location Records

"There shall be a Recorder appointed for this district, whose duty shall be to measure, stake off, and record all claims, transfers, and bills of sale, and who shall keep a book of records open to public inspection, and who shall receive one and one half dollars for each claim of location, he shall so record, and one and one half dollars for each transfer and bill of sale."
- From the Mining Laws of Shasta District newspaper notice, filed for record January 28, 1869 by Joseph H. Shinn, Clerk. (Full article on page 3 of Shasta Locations Book, vol. 2(B).

As part of an ongoing project to preserve and make accessible Oregon's historical mineral and mining information, DOGAMI photographed books held by the Baker County Recorder?s Office. These books, available as PDFs below, contain records of mining claims sold and purchased and claim locations from 1862 to 1964 (placer claims) or 1908 (quartz lode claims). Individuals were required to show labor performed to maintain their claims; these records are also found in these volumes. Some Mining District meeting minutes and laws are in earlier books, as are some water rights (for example, see the book Mining Laws, Water Rights, and Claims).

This digital archive is evolving. Please contact us if you have suggestions or find errors. DOGAMI gratefully acknowledges the valiant photographing persistence of Ellen Stevenson, Baker County. This project was supported in part by Award Number 15-08-2e from the Institute of Museum and Library Services through the Library Services and Technology Act, administered by the Oregon State Library.

Questions?

Email: dogami-info@oregon.gov

Phone: 971-673-1555

Disclaimer: Mining sites are included for informational purposes only and should not be used to infer acceptable or permitted land use actions. Interested parties should contact their local land use authority to verify zoning and applicable land use ordinances. Respect the rights of private property owners. Understand that recreation in or around inactive mine sites is extremely dangerous and can result in serious injury or death. Stay out and stay alive! No warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the accuracy or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein.

Claim & Site Names and Locations

Early claim and site records provide estimated distances from streams, towns, gulches, ridges and other mines as their official descriptions. For most claims, location information is limited and not referenced to precise Public Land Survey locations or geographic coordinates.Many approximate areas are given to place names that were subsequently changed.Lineage of place names is unknown, so exact locations are not available. The claims are all given names regardless of whether actual mineral strikes were discovered.

Although these records are sourced as being from Baker County, it should be noted that county boundary changes occurred during the time period covered. The first gold strike in the area occurred in 1861, so in 1862 Baker County was created from part of Wasco County. Then in 1864 its northern portion became Union County, and in 1887 Malheur County was formed from the southern area. Wallowa County was also established in 1887 from a part of Union County that had previously been included as Baker County. According to the Oregon Blue Book, in 1901 the last adjustment was made when some of the land known as the ?Panhandle,? between the Powder River and Wallowa Mountains, was returned to Baker County.

More Baker County Mining History

The Baker County Clerk's Office Vault also contains seven Mine Lien books, three Mine Bills of Sale books, and two Mine Notice Books. A Baker County Mining Claim Records Inventoryis maintained in the Oregon Historical County Records Guide.

Baker County archives

Mining Record Books

How to Find a Transaction in Early Claim Record Books

Sale and purchase records are contained in Conveyance Indexes. Conveyance is the legal process of transferring property from one owner to another. Direct conveyances are sales; indirect conveyances are purchases.

Example: Let's say you are looking for Shasta District claims purchased by L.W. Nelson prior to 1889. Follow these steps:

  1. Open the PDF book Index of Shasta District Indirect Conveyances (remember that indirect indicates purchases) and make sure the Bookmarks panel of the PDF file is visible. (How?)
  2. Use the bookmarks panel of the PDF to navigate to index page N, for Nelson.
  3. On index page N are three purchase entries for L.W. Nelson: K[?] Larson[?], A.D. Short, and H.H. Hays (see figure below). Find the book page for the entry you are interested in; let's say it is the Hays entry; therefore the page is 330. Also note book letter in the right hand column for the Nelson entry (here "B")
  4. Open the PDF book Shasta Mining Conveyances Book B and use the bookmarks panel of the PDF to navigate to page 330, which shows the of the purchase transaction record (see figure below).

Note that these steps are only for the early books listed in Part 1 below. For more recent books listed in Part 2 below, use the in-book indexes.

example conveyance index page example conveyance record

Part 1 - Early Mining Claim Records

Sale/Purchase Transactions (1865-1889)

Other Early (1862-1882) Placer/Lode Claim Location and Miscellaneous Record Books

Sale/Purchase Transactions (1865-1889)

Sale and purchase records are contained in Conveyance Indexes. Conveyance is the legal process of transferring property from one owner to another. Direct conveyances are sales; indirect conveyances are purchases.

Year(s) IncludedIndex (PDF)Notes
1865-1889

Index of Direct Conveyances

(sales) (10 MB)

Index of Indirect Conveyances

(purchases)

(10 MB)

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The two books to the left are indexes for sales and purchase records in the three early placer and lode claim conveyance record books shown below. To the right of each name in the indexes is the letter of the book to which the index entry refers. Commonly, the book letter entry just a ditto mark, so look toward the top of the page in the index to see the book letter for the entry.

Book B (141 MB) Book C (111 MB) Book D (106 MB)
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1865-1868

Record of Conveyances of Placer Mining Claims to 1868

1867-1872

Record of Conveyances of Placer and Lode Mining Claims Except Shasta District

Meeting note of "Resolutions and bylaws of miners at a mine meeting held on Conner Creek July 11th 1870" pasted inside front cover. Not all years in order of pages. Also contains miscellaneous other records.

1881-1889

Conveyances of Placer and Lode Mining Claims

Also contains miscellaneous other records.

Year(s) IncludedIndex (PDF)Notes

1865-1876

Index to Book A - Placer Locations (Direct Conveyances: sales) (9MB)

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The book to the left is an index for placer claim sales records in the book shown below.

Book A (210 MB)
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1865-1876

Mining Claims

This is one of the earliest books of the Gold Rush Era covering a wider area of Baker Co., including the settlement of "Auburn, Ogn." C.M. Foster is one of the official recorders of this book.

1865-1883

Index to Book B - Placer Locations (Indirect conveyances: purchases)

(10 MB)

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The book to the left is an index for placer claim purchase records in the book shown below. The cover of this book has the word "Shasta" with a line through it and says "now used for locations in General Book Vol.2 (B)."

Book Vol. 2(B) (253 MB)
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1865-1883

Shasta Locations (Now Used for Locations in General) Book,

vol. 2(B)

Inside front says "Placer Locations Book B" Printed copy of "Mining Laws of Shasta District". Inside back has an index. Some claims are actually now in Malheur Co. Also contains lode conveyance and miscellaneous other records.

Year(s) IncludedIndex (PDF)Notes
1867-1882

Index of Shasta District Direct Conveyances

(sales) (9 MB)

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Index of Shasta District Indirect Conveyances

(purchases) (12 MB)

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The two books to the left are indexes for sales and purchase records in the two earlyShasta District placer claim conveyance record books shown below. To the right of each name in the indexes is the letter of the book to which the index entry refers. Commonly, the book letter entry just a ditto mark, so look toward the top of the page in the index to see the book letter for the entry.

The old Shasta District was apparently in what is now the Upper Burnt River and Mormon Basin areas.

Book A (206 MB) Book B (255 MB)
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1867-1870

Shasta Placer Mining Claim Conveyances

Additional index in back of book.

1870-1882

Shasta Placer Mining Claim Conveyances

Other Early (1862-1882) Placer/Lode Claim Location and Miscellaneous Record Books

Tips for finding records: Narrow down the year(s) you are interested in. For those years, look in the book index pages to find the name you are interested in. Note the page number next to the name in the index, and then use the PDF bookmarks or type the page number in the page navigation field to go to that page in the book. Important: The letters in the book names themselves (Book D, Book E, etc.) identify the book series; the letters do not indicate the names within the book.

Year(s) IncludedBook (PDF)Information IncludedNotes

1862-1871

Mining Laws, Water Rights, and Claims (125 MB)

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Placer and Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

This is one of the oldest books of the Gold Rush Era. It contains mining laws established by miners of the "Pioneer District" in 1862-1871, along with claims of that time. The locations would now be in the Upper Burnt River/Mormon Basin districts.

1871-1882

Book of Records, Pioneer District of Baker County (118 MB)

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Index, Placer and Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

First 10 pages consist of a miner name index. Also contains: Notice of Mining Claims, Bills of Sale, Water Rights. The "Pioneer District" is Clark's Creek area.

1863-1864

Mining Claims (140 MB)

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Index, Placer, Miscellaneous

Includes "Laws, Action of a Meeting Held by the Blue Ca?on District" (has Auburn & French Gulch & Freezeout Gulch)

1865-1867

Mining Claims - Humboldt District and Others (85 MB)

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Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

Has index of Districts:Humboldt, Shasta, Union, Eastern.

1863-1876

Quartz Book A Index

(10 MB)

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The book to the left is an index for lode claim purchase records in the book shown below.

Quartz Book A (285 MB)
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1863-1876

Book of Record of Quartz Mining Claims and Water Rights Claimed in Baker County Oregon

Also contains miscellaneous other records.


PART 2 - More Recent Records

Placer Claim Location Books (1885-1964)

Quartz (Lode) Claim Location Books (1885-1908)

Placer Claim Location Books (1885-1964)

Tips for finding records: Narrow down the year(s) you are interested in from the list below. For those years, look in the index PDF to find the name you are interested in. Note the page number next to the name, and then open the complete book and use the      PDF bookmarks or type the page number in the page navigation field to go to that page in the book. Important: The letters in the book names themselves (Book D, Book E, etc.) identify the book series; the letters do not indicate the names within the book.

Year(s) IncludedBook (PDF)Information IncludedNotes

1885-1894

Record of Placer Locations Book D index only (9 MB)

Complete Book D

(94 MB)

Index, Placer, Water Locations, Miscellaneous

Note on inside front cover (1): "Some water locations in here." Note on inside front cover (2): "This book indexed Miscelanous to Page 351."

1891-1899

Record of Placer Locations Book E index only (6

MB)

Complete Book E

(127 MB)

Index, Placer, Miscellaneous

Index and "Proof of Labor" statements included.

1895-1907

Record of Placer Locations Book F index only (

13 MB)

Complete Book F

(185 MB)

Index, Placer, Miscellaneous

1899-1907

Record of Placer Locations Book G index only (11 MB)

Complete Book G

(160 MB)

Index, Placer, Miscellaneous

1879-1908

Record of Placer Locations BookH index only (11 MB)

Complete BookH

(178 MB)

Index, Placer, Miscellane

This book contains records transcribed from Union Co. dating from 1879-1897 with a stamp having the transcription date of 1902. Also contained in that book are claims recorded from 1906-1908 that are not transcriptions.

1908-1921

Record of Placer Locations Book I index only (15 MB)

Complete Book I

(178 MB)

Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1921-1929

Record of Placer Locations Book J index only (12 MB)

Complete Book J

(134 MB)

Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1929-1936

Record of Placer Locations BookK index only (14 MB)

Complete BookK

(167 MB)

Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1936-1940

Record of Placer Locations Book L index only (21 MB)

Complete Book L

(183 MB)

Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1940-1947

Placer Locations Book M index only (23 MB)

Complete Book M

(183 MB)

Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1947-1948

Record of Placer Locations Book N index only (16 MB)

Complete Book N

(140 MB)

Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1940-1947

Placer Locations Book O index only (14 MB)

Complete Book O

(174 MB)

Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1949-1953

Record of Placer Locations Book P index only (14 MB)

Complete Book P

( 198 MB)

Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1953-1957

Placer Locations Book Q index only (18 MB)

Complete Book Q

(212 MB)

Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1957-1962

Record of Placer Locations Book R index only (21 MB)

Complete Book R

(200 MB)

Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1962-1964

Placer Locations Book S index only (36 MB)

Complete Book S

(178 MB)

Index, Placer, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1964 marked the end of recording claims in hard-copy books. Post 1964 records are archived on microfiche. Today, claims are entered into the Baker Co. computer system and then archived on microfiche.

Quartz (Lode) Claim Location Books (1885-1908)

Tips for finding records: Narrow down the year(s) you are interested in from the list below. For those years, look in the index PDF to find the name you are interested in. Note the page number next to the name, and then open the complete book and use the PDF bookmarks or type the page number in the page navigation field to go to that page in the book. Important: The letters in the book names themselves (BookD, BookE, etc.) are for book series; the letters do not indicate the names within the book.

Year(s) Included Book(PDF)Information Included
Notes

1885-1887

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookC index only (8 MB)

Complete BookC

(112 MB)

Index, Lode, Miscellaneous

1887-1889

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookD index only (5 MB)

Complete BookD

(113 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1889-1891

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookE index only (5 MB)

Complete BookE

(121 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

Diagram of "Ophelia" Quartz Claim surveyed August 7th 1891 inserted after page 334.

1890-1892

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookF index only (5 MB)

Complete BookF

(131 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

"Diagram of the Lazy Jim and Depty [sic] Sheriff Quartz Claims" by surveyed May 23rd 1891 by C.M.F. inserted on p. 175.

1892-1893

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookG index only (10 MB)

Complete BookG

(146 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1893-1895

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookH index only (11 MB)

Complete BookH

(146 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1895-1898

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookI index only (10 MB)

Complete BookI

( 139 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1895-1897

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookJ index only (12 MB)

Complete BookJ

(173 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1897-1898

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookK index only (10 MB)

Complete BookK

(166 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1898-1899

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookL index only (10 MB)

Complete BookL

(159 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1898-1899

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookM index only (10 MB)

Complete BookM

(150 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1899-1900

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookN index only (10 MB)

Complete BookN

(148 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1899-1900

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookO index only (10 MB)

Complete BookO

(169 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1900

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookP index only (10 MB)

Complete BookP

(176 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1900-1901

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookQ index only (10 MB)

Complete BookQ

(182 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

1900-1902

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookR index only (11 MB)

Complete BookR

(162 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

Entries are mostly "Proof of Labor for not less than $100," with occasional descriptions of that work.

1901-1902

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookS index only (10 MB)

Complete BookS

(175 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

Within the margins of the book are affidavits by third-party individuals attesting to work done by the claimant, including brief descriptions of their excavations.

1902

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookT index only (10 MB)

Complete BookT

(157 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

Besides claims, this book contains references of "Failure to Contribute" notices for individuals who failed to help cover "expenditures required by law of $100 or more" to continue holding of claim rights. Also included are "Proof of Labor" statements and "Notice of Forfeiture" notices. Although this is a "Quartz" book, a reference to the Badger Placer Mining Claim with location information is on p. 167, referring to published notices in the weekly Bedrock Democrat of a mine co-owner who "failed and refused to contribute his share of said expenditures within the time required." This year of 1902 some "consolidation" of claims forming a "Group" name comes together. A "Location of Certificate of Mill Site" is onp. 195 for the "Mammoth Mill Site" with location information of N.E. corner for Sec.2, T9, SR 36.

1902-1904

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookU index only (14 MB)

Complete BookU

(183 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

Within the margins of this book are affidavits by third-party individuals attesting to work done by the claimant, including brief descriptions of their excavations. Claims located "near the county line between Malheur and Baker Counties" are recorded in this book.

1902-1903

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookV index only (10 MB)

Complete BookV

(159 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

This book has several "Notice of Forfeiture" headings with information stating an "Affidavit of Publication" to back up the notices. As an example, one such paragraph states by name that the "principal clerk for Brown & Small publishers of the weekly Bedrock Democrat newspaper at Baker City, Baker Co. Oregon and general circulation....has published a 'Notice of forfeiture' in each and every issue of said paper for 13 full weeks commencing with the issue of January 12, 1903 and ending with the issue of April 13, 1903." It is signed by a Notary Public and "filed for record and recorded July 14, 1903 by RW Henry, Recorder." In addition to new claims, "proof of labor" statements are common in this book.

1885-1903

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookW index only (11 MB)

Complete BookW

(180 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

This book contains mostly typewritten transcribed records from Union County, Oregon, due to boundary changes in 1901 as a result of the "Panhandle" area being returned to Baker Co. This county boundary change was for the convenience of travel to their county seat for residents of the "Panhandle," which is described as locations between the Powder River and Wallowa Mountains. Over time, the river channel has changed its course, however, so you may notice some discrepancies if you are trying to determine actual locations.Of interest within this book are several "Mill Site" location claims transcribed from books such as "Vol. 1" of Union Co. records in 1885. One such site on T6, R45 has "further claim of sufficient water from Lost Horse Creek for the use of a 20 stamp Mill for which purpose I claim fifty miners inches of water." Precise locations are not usually given, although as one claim from 1885 recorded by the "E.H. Mix District Recorder" refers to the town of "Allen," which is no longer able to be located. This town of "Allen" is also later referenced in a "Hamlin" mill claim site as being in the "Granite Mining Dist."Toward the end of the book various other locations of Baker County Quartz claims are recorded.

1903-1904

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookX index only (10 MB)

Complete BookX

(169 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

Although the cover of this book says "Panhandle," as Book W and Book Y also have on their titles, that word is crossed out; this book actually covers a wide portion of Baker Co. and names at least 20 organized mining districts of that time. Additional districts are designated as "Unorganized" or "Unknown." This time period appears one of a more widespread organized gold rush era for Eastern Oregon with "proofs of labor" being very important to avoid forfeiture of claims. Towns no longer in existence, such as Minersville, and Rastus City, are mentioned.

1882-1886

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookY index only (18 MB)

Complete BookY

(189 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

This book was transcribed from Union County Records in 1902 after the "Panhandle" area was returned to Baker Co.. It includes towns, districts, and areas no longer having the designations they do now, such as the "Cooster District," "Koesta District," and even a "Granite District." It should be noted that today the Granite District is actually in Grant Co., Oregon.

1885-1893

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations BookZ index only (12 MB)

Complete BookZ (183 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

This book was transcribed from Union County Records in 1902 after the "Panhandle" area was returned to Baker Co.. It includes towns, districts, and areas no longer having the designations they do now, such as the "Cooster District," "Koesta District," and even a "Granite District." It should be noted that today the Granite District is actually in Grant Co., Oregon.

1893-1899

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations Book27 index only (11 MB)

Complete Book27

(179 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

This book was transcribed from Union County Records in 1903 after the "Panhandle" area was returned to Baker Co.. It includes towns, districts, and areas no longer having the designations they do now, such as the "Gold Creek Mining District" and even a "Granite District." It should be noted that today the Granite District is actually in Grant Co., Oregon.

1904-1905

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations Book28 index only (10 MB)

Complete Book28

(171 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

Contains numerous mining districts and many claims also mentioned as "located in no organized mining district."

1905-1906

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations Book29 index only (15 MB)

Complete Book29

(173 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

In 1905-1906, additional mining districts were organized or at least named. Some were likely formed in the "Panhandle" area. Among additional names in this volume are: Bull Run District, which includes the "Nuget" claim by Guy Carnegie; Baker Mining Dist. (between Deer and Lake Creeks, 5 miles N.E. of Sumpter); McNamee Mining Dist. (where the "Copper Queen" and "Copper King" claims adjoin Listen Lake Gold Mines Co.); the Seven Devils Mining Dist. (with a reference to BookX where the claim was previously recorded as in no mining district); and Burkemont Dist. (1 mile South of Burkemont, Oregon). Some other districts mentioned are Connor Creek, Balm Creek, White Swan, and Bourne. Also worth noting in this book are Stamp Mills, and forfeiture notices published in newspapers such as the "Haines Record." A reference to the "Baker City Light & Power Co. transmission line between Rock Creek Power Plant and the town of Bourne" is noteworthy for this early time period.

1906-1907

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations Book30 index only (9 MB)

Complete Book30

(166 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

Quartz Book 30 appears to have an influx of claims bearing the word "Copper." Perhaps with the economic depression of that time, yet electricity becoming more available, the conductive properties of that mineral made it in demand. It is noticeable that organized mining district names are not as prevalent in this book; rather, claims either give no district name or just say "no organized Mining District." An "Oxbow District" is noted in several entries, but it is not near the Oregon town of Oxbow as one might expect. Instead, its location is near the Powder River in T6 S, R41 E & T7 S, R40 E. The district of Cave Creek is also mentioned where it "empties into the Burnt River." Old newspapers referenced in forfeiture notices include the "Blue Mountain American" printed and published in Sumpter in 1907 and the "Eagle Valley News" from another part of Baker County. An unusual claim of "Epsomite" and/or "Epsonite," which is basically Epsom salts, is contained in this volume. The book also contains numerous diagrams of how various claims are situated in relation to one another.

1907-1908

Record of Quartz (Lode) Locations Book31 index only (10 MB)

Complete Book31

(174 MB)

Index, Lode, Conveyances, Miscellaneous

Book 31 contains mining districts and locations that are more clearly described while others raise some questions. The Buckeye District has claims in T.7 S, R.40 E, Sec. 4, 5, 6, & 8 and T.6 S, R.40 E, Sec. 32 & 33. The McNamee Gulch District was combined to be in the Greenhorn District, and a few other areas are noted as First Creek, Riverdale (unorganized district), Weatherby (with a claim "close to Chicken Creek"), and Rye Valley. In the Rye Valley District some claim locations are described as recorded in Malheur County, and Mormon Basin has a claim located "1/2 mile from the Malheur County line." A claim located in the Seven Devils District was initially recorded but was then crossed out as an "error, located in Idaho."

1964 marked the end of recording claims in hard-copy books. Quartz location books through Book 54 (1962-1964) will be digitized as resources allow. Post 1964 records are archived on microfiche. Today, current claims are entered into the Baker Co. computer system and then archived on microfiche.

Frequently Asked Questions

What types of information might be found in these records?

  • Notice of Location of Claim (placer or lode; legal descriptions are not available for most early claims, since they were recorded only by proximity of geographical locations and of distance from other claims, being marked by stakes).
  • Mill site claims
  • Mine conveyances (sales and/or trades) Direct=sale; Indirect=purchase
  • Indexes
  • Mining districts
  • Mine labor performed
  • Mine forfeitures
  • Original district mining laws
  • Early water rights
  • Historical geographic names and places (many of which have changed over time)
  • Family names and place names, which can be valuable for ancestry or historical studies

What is the difference between "lode" and "placer"?

  • Lode deposits. From Glossary of Geology: a mineral deposit consisting of a zone of veins; a mineral deposit in consolidated rock as opposed to placer deposits. From H. Brooks (2007) :?Most of the lode deposits are associated with tabular (sheet like) veins in rocks. The veins usually consist mostly of quartz, altered rock, and small amounts of metallic gold and silver, and other metallic minerals, chiefly sulfides of iron, copper, lead, zinc, and locally arsenic.?
  • Placer deposits. From Glossary of Geology: A surficial mineral deposit formed by mechanical concentration of mineral particles from weathered debris. The mechanical agent is usually alluvial (stream) but can also be marine, eolian, lacustrine, or glacial, and the mineral is usually a heavy metal such as gold. From H. Brooks (2007): ?In placer deposits, the gold occurs as grains, flakes, and nuggets in stream bed gravel deposits. The gold was eroded from exposed vein deposits and washed downhill to where it accumulated in streambeds, floodplains, and gulches.?

What does a mine claim record look like?

Records prior to 1900 were all hand written with either a quill, dip, or fountain pen and were documented by a Baker County Recorder or Mining District Recorder of the time. Beginning in 1900 some pages were typewritten within 16 x 12 inch and larger books, although typewritten pages may be intermixed with handwritten records. Later volumes, dating from 1903 on, are more legible since they are mostly done by typewriter. The oldest books are smaller in size, from approximately 12 x 7 inches.

example Baker 1871 County mining claim

Where are the mining districts?

Due to the large area of Baker County and the time and difficulties presented by travel, additional mining districts were organized in the early 1900s. This was especially necessary after the merge of the ?Panhandle? area of Union County in 1901. Unfortunately, these books are not organized by mining district except as designated above, so you will have to hunt. However, as an example of the variety found in a single book, below is a list of many of the districts found in Quartz (Lode) Book28 (1904-1905). This is only a rough summary of the districts, with possible general locations for that time. For information about designated districts of today, please refer to DOGAMI Bulletin 61, Gold and silver in Oregon. Also see Some mining districts of eastern Oregon, 1933, USGS Bulletin 846-A, Contributions to economic geology (short papers and preliminary reports), by J. Gilluly, J.C. Reed, and C.F. Park Jr., 140 p.

Mining DistrictGeneral Location
BuckeyeDue east of the town of North Powder, included was a reference called River Dale Hill, or Lookout Mountain on pages 336-339, and had claims for Gold, Silver and Copper.
AuburnSouthwest of Baker City, the original Baker County seat.
Bear GulchPossibly to the east of Sumpter.
BonanzaNorthwest of Whitney (one claim says 7 mi. N.W. of Whitney).
Cable CoveIn both Baker and Grant Co. on the Elkhorn Divide.
Chicken CreekOff of the Burnt River, below Weatherby.
Cracker CreekBourne area, north of Sumpter.
Elkhorn Mining"Head of Pine Creek, 3/4 mile West of Auburn Reservoir."
FlagstaffEast of Baker; area of today's BLM Interpretive Center.
Goose CreekKeating area, an "unorganized Mining District," as stated in one claim.
GraniteCornucopia Area (Today the Granite Dist. is in Grant Co., see Bulletin 61).
GreenhornGreenhorn area, Grant and Baker Co.
HuntingtonHuntington, mouth of Burnt River.
Iron DykeAlong Snake River, north of Homestead, included is T.6 R.48.
Lime Siding OreAlong Burnt River. The Green Frog claim states it is a "little over 1/2 mile North East of Lime Siding Ore, and 200' North East from W.W. Owens Ranch on Burnt River. 1/4 mile from the railroad crossing, and 4 miles North West of Huntington." This claim was for gold, silver, and lead.
Mormon BasinHead of Clarks Creek, south of Bridgeport and north of Brogan.
Mount RastusSouth of Unity.
Norway Basin GraniteEast of Cornucopia.
Pedro MountainNorth of Mormon Basin.
PocahontasSalmon Creek area, Northwest of Baker City.
Rock CreekNorth face of Elkhorn Mountains, west of Haines, OR.
SpartaSparta area, north of Richland, OR.
Stices GulchNorth side of Dooley Mountain.
SumpterSumpter area.
VaughanOne claim says "2000 ft. West of the Snake River," probably North of Connor Creek near Swede's Landing.
VirtueEast of Baker City.

Other Resources

Also see general OHMI publications.