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Health Advisory
September 22, 2003
Contact: Bonnie Widerburg (503) 731-4180
Technical Contact: Cindy Gaines (503) 731-4012
Potential recreational and drinking water hazard in Tenmile Lakes
Public health officials at the Oregon Department of Human Services (DHS) and
Coos County Health Department are advising lakefront property owners, visitors
and other interested persons of another bloom of Microcystis aeruginosa in Tenmile
Lakes, located about 10 miles north of Coos Bay on the Oregon coast. Similar
advisories were issued for these same lakes in 1997, 2001 and 2002 for recreational
contact. Drinking water advisories have been made for the lakes each year since
1997.
Microcystis aeruginosa is a blue-green algae capable of producing a dangerous
liver toxin called microcystin. The toxin poses danger to humans or animals
using the water. Ingestion of the water is the most significant hazard, but
direct contact with algae may also pose some toxin hazard as well as possible
skin reactions.
Samples of the water collected on Sept. 8 contained this algae species at levels
ranging from 0 cells per milliliter of water to 2,463 cells per milliliter.
Current guidance for the toxin in water suggests that cell concentrations greater
than 2000 may be hazardous to users of the water. Since samples and cell counts
do not necessarily represent the highest concentrations in the lakes, officials
are advising that direct water contact be avoided at any point where there is
visible algae or where the water has a bluish or blue green color.
Water from the lakes should not be used for domestic purposes unless it has
first been carefully treated as recommended below.
At current cell densities, it is very likely that toxin levels exceed 1 microgram
of toxin per liter of water, the maximum level considered tolerable in drinking
water. Future samples found to have greater than 15,000 cells per milliliter
will be tested for toxin, which is standard procedure for bodies of water with
known blooms of Microcystis aeruginosa.
Until further notice from DHS and Coos County Health Department, it is advised
that:
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Swimming, wading or other skin contact with lake water be avoided in any
area where there is visible algae in the water or where the water has a
bluish or blue-green color;
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Pets and animals should be kept away from the water, and should not be
allowed to drink water from the lakes;
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Persons living on the lakefront and using water from the lakes for household
purposes should not use the water for drinking, food preparation or any
other ingestion purpose, unless it has been treated effectively as recommended
below.
Drinking Water Treatment Guidelines:
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Treatment must consist of sand filtration followed by chlorination, followed
by activated charcoal filtration. It is essential that the sand filtration
be done before disinfection, in order to remove as many of the algae cells
as possible without killing or damaging the cells;
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Chlorination systems must be capable of maintaining at least 1 ppm free
chlorine residual in the water for at least 20 minutes before the water
enters the charcoal filtration system;
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The final step in the treatment process must be activated charcoal treatment
to remove toxin remaining from the earlier treatment steps;
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All treatment equipment must meet National Sanitation Foundation (NSF)
standard 53 and needs to be sized adequately to treat the maximum amount
of water needed. Treatment equipment must be regularly monitored and maintained
to assure that the water is adequately treated at all times.
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Ideally all water entering the home should be treated as recommended. It
is possible to treat water used only in the kitchen but this greatly increases
the chances that people (particularly elderly and children), pets and animals
will inadvertently drink untreated water. It also fails to protect humans
from harm due to skin absorption and skin reactions.
NOTE: A fact sheet about microcystin
toxin and its effects can be found on the Web.
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